|
|
|
|
|
Dedicated
to Hispanic Heritage |
| TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
MAY 2001, Issue 5
Editor: Mimi Lozano, mimilozano@aol.com |
|
"If
you would not be forgotten, as soon as you're dead and rotten, |
Dear
readers - Please note, News briefs will be concise bits of news
for the purpose of including more information. The number following the
division indicates the number of items. United
States
Orange County, CA |
Los
Angeles, CA City of Angels-Ignacio Gomez May 5, Pio Pico House May 6, Fiesta Broadway French Connection Los Angeles Photo Project Santa Monica Library California |
East of the
Mississippi News briefs (3) Nation of New Cities African-American Military Museum Chicago, Closed Parishes Louisiana Research Online East Coast News Briefs (5) Corbis Photo Collection Deportations St. Augustine Mexico News Briefs Pastoral Letter Colonial Tlalpujahua Christian Morality International News News briefs (5) Basques and Celts San Benitos History Miscellaneous |
|
Society of |
SHHAR's Quarterly Meeting: Every Welcome |
SHHAR
Board Members: Laura Arechabala Shane Peter Carr Bea Armenta Dever Edward B. Flores Mimi Lozano Holtzman Carlos Olvera Gloria Cortinas Oliver |
|
Contributors & Sources:
*** Johanna de Soto*** |
J.J. Gallegos George Gause Ignacio Gomez Deena J. González, Ph.D. Eddie Grijalva Sergio Guerrero Margo Gutiérrez Jocelyn Hernandez Sergio Hernandez Zeke Hernandez Elsa Herbeck Austin Hoover Granville Hough, Ph.D. Sharleen Maldonado Rodney Linkous Cindy LoBuglio Mikel Lozano Ruebén Martinez Beth McCarty |
Donie Nelson Gloria Cortinas Oliver Sam Padillo-Quito Eric Pearson Frank Quevedo Henry A.J. Ramos Marguerite Rivera Houze Lewis Stokes Fr. John Stowe Bill Taylor Antonio Uribe Ernesto Uribe Roberto D. Uribe Concepción Vasquez Margarita Velez Jari Villanueva Edmund West Elviar Zavala-Patton Table of Contents |
|
The University of Texas at El Paso, in conjunction with other regional organizations, is coordinating a bi-national effort to create the museum. Ultimately, the museum will be an independent international institution that will symbolize the aspiration of all immigrants. More than 20 million people living in the Untied States today trace their origins to Mexico. Those who migrated northward represent a variety of backgrounds, ethnicities, and experiences. But too often this rich heritage of migration, interconnection, and achievement has been ignored or distorted. There is no major museum in the Untied States dedicated to the history of migration from Mexico or to the history of people of Mexican descent. The bi-national metropolitan area of El Paso-Juárez is the national location for such an institution - a Southwest Ellis Island. Historically, El Paso-Juárez has been the most important port-of-entry between the United States and Mexico, and here the history of migration can still be seen, heard, and felt. By preserving the diverse experiences of these migrants, we honor the stories of the women, men and children who came to a new country. The Paso al Norte Immigration History Museum and Research Center will be an invaluable resource in studying the complex history of migration northward. The museum's exhibits and programs will rescue a vital heritage from neglect and ensure its preservation. A grant from the Mellon Foundation supported an initial evaluation of archival resources. a subsequent grant from the ford foundation is currently funding, planning and constituency building programs. During the past year, a series of community meetings have been held to elicit ideas and suggestions from this region. On March 16-17 a planning forum became a critical element in the process of developing a formal strategic plan. For more information, contact:
Marguerite Rivera Houze, Executive Director |
| Following are comments by people who attended the Paso al Norte planning forum and supportive historical articles. |
| "The Paso al Norte Immigration History
Museum will be undoubtedly the cynosure of this region, bringing greater
awareness to the richness of the border heritage, inspiring meaningful pride, and making possible, through attracting tourists, the much needed
discussion on the fluidity of cultural and national identity." Maceo Dailey, Director African American Studies, UTEP |
I am happy to write in support of the
immigration museum currently being planned in El Paso. The gathering of people to discuss the
concept and to generate ideas was one marked by talent, energy, and expertise. It is a worthwhile project not only because it is needed, a
place to remember why immigration matters so much in the Borderlands and in
U.S. society, but also because El Paso is the gateway, and has been for centuries. Deena J. Gonzalez, Ph.D. History and Chicano/a Studies Pomona College, Claremont, CA 91711 |
| The "Paso Al Norte" museum is a well-needed addition to our national
awareness of immigration. At a time when the New York Times is reporting
that the Ellis Island website is undated with users since its launch, there are many other people who came to the United States from Mexico and
other countries who have no resource to learn the real story of their roots,
their heritage, their identity. Every single person in the United States
today is affected culturally or economically by people who have come through
Mexico into this country. The museum will put it into perspective, and help bring cultural tolerance in the United States a step closer to acceptance. Eric Pearson, News Director KTSM, TV News, Channel 9, El Paso, Texas Table of Contents |
|
What stories do we tell? Planning Forum for the Paso al Norte Immigration History Museum Dr. Yolanda Chávez Leyva,
The first speaker at the
March 16-17 Planning Forum, I am very pleased to be here this morning to discuss the creation of the only Mexican Immigration Museum in the United States. Our panel has been asked to discuss stories—what stories do we tell and where do we find them. I would like to first make some comments on the importance of telling stories and suggest a way to look at the role of storytelling in this project. The question of "whose stories do we tell" is fundamental. In writing about the importance of storytelling, Richard Delgado, professor of law at the University of Colorado School of Law and Latino Critical Race theorist, states that "stories build consensus, a common culture of shared understandings, and deeper, more vital ethics." In his essay, "Storytelling for Oppositionists and Others," he describes a different kind of story—the counter story. The counter story is a narrative that challenges conventional wisdom. By definition this museum will embody the counter story for it will challenge the conventional wisdom that says that the history of the United States is built upon the movement of people from east to west. It will challenge the conventional wisdom that says that Mexicans in the United States are outsiders rather than integral parts of this nation. It will challenge the conventional wisdom that says that the migration of Mexicans into the United States is largely a "flood" to be stopped or a crime to be punished. Counter stories "can quicken and engage conscience," writes Delgado. The border is an amazing and complex place. It is a place of contradictions, paradoxes, divisions, mergers, new creations, and old memories. Over the last hundred and fifty years, the border has been increasingly the site of political, ideological, and physical conflict over the movement of people across the geopolitical line. Immigration has been at the heart of many of these tensions. And the tensions and debates have been and continue to be acted out upon the bodies of immigrants themselves. Today someone—a man, woman, or child—will die trying to cross the border. If not today, then tomorrow. To imagine, to plan, to support the building of a museum that centers the experiences of Mexicanos crossing the line is ground-breaking since it occurs at a period in our history when 500 immigrants die yearly in order to cross that line. The Paso al Norte Immigration History Museum provides us the opportunity to not only commemorate the stories of immigrants but to heal the wounds that vex the two nations an the communities on both sides of the border. According to historian/storyteller/activist Aurora Levins Morales, historians are curanderas, traditional healers. And telling stories/ historias is healing. Levins Morales calls this "medicinal history." She writes, "If the purpose of medicinal history is to transform the way we see ourselves historically, to change our sense of what’s possible, then making history available to those who need it most is not a separate process from the researching and interpreting… Medicinal history is a form of healing and its purposes are conscious and overt." I would like to take three instructions from Levins Morales curandera’s handbook of historical practice in order to talk about the place of stories in the Immigration History Museum. First, Levins Morales urges us to "Tell untold or undertold stories." Certainly the story of Mexican immigration is in itself an untold story. Most Americans learn about Mexican immigration from the rhetoric of politicians who scapegoat immigrants regularly during election time or from the sensationalistic media seeking an audience. Telling the full, complicated history of Mexican immigration represents medicinal history. Relating the ways in which the border has not really been a dividing line is an under-told story. There is still a generation of Mexican immigrants on the border (although they are fewer and fewer each day) who remember crossing without papers before doing so was stigmatized. Until the passage of the Immigration Act of 1917, crossing the border from Mexico was simple. Our own oral history collection is full of stories about the ease of movement. Charles Armijo, who crossed from Juarez to El Paso in 1910, remembered that "everybody was allowed to go back and forth whenever they wanted." Cecilio Arredondo recalled similar circumstances. "When the river didn’t have water, the people…crossed there without paying anything. The immigration service already existed, but they didn’t investigate anything. The people went back and forth freely." Relating the ways in which the border is a tangible, lived experience is an under-told story. The history of Mexican immigration to the United States is a history of not one movement, or even one type of movement, but a multitude of movements, going in both directions. Each type of movement has help particular consequences for the immigrants involves. For example, in the 1930s, during the depths of the Great Depression, almost one million Mexicans and Mexican Americans left the United States for Mexico. Facing anti-immigrant hostility and violence, with few resources available to them, and often under pressure, Mexicanos left homes, communities, family members, and jobs. Many returned when the economy bettered. One such family was the Amezquita family whose children were American citizens. The family repatriated in 1931, taking a train from El Paso/Ciudad Juarez to Mexico City. While in Mexico City, the family suffered many hardships and one of the young family members died of an infection. Because of the traumatic experiences, no one in the family was allowed to discuss the repatriation experience with their mother, even fifty years later. Immigration is an experience borne on the bodies, the psyches, and the souls of immigrants. Secondly, Levins Morales advises us to "identify strategic pieces of misinformation and contradict them." The ways in which immigration is discussed and debates are replete with misinformation. This museum represents the opportunity to correct them. My first example of misinformation is ironic given the purpose of this forum but it demonstrates the complexity of immigration history A significant piece of misinformation, which the Immigration Museum can clarify, is that the history of Mexican Americans is not a history of immigrants. We are immigrants and we are not immigrants. We call El Paso an "Ellis Island" yet it is a very different story. Our incorporation into the United States through military conquest is an essential part of understanding immigration. The fact that immigrants entering the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were joining long-existing Mexican communities is important. That immigrant entered a society that already had an understanding of the "place" of Mexican, an understanding emerging form the racialized position of Mexicans living in conquered territory, is essential to understanding immigration. The fact that Mexicanos had been moving northward for centuries before the existence of the United States is significant to the story of immigration. Finally, Levins Morales counsels us to "Make absences visible." And the absences are many. Medicinal storytelling would tell the stories of women, children, of the working class, of gay and lesbian immigrants. Women’s and children’s experiences are often rendered invisible in the historical literature, "immigrant" meaning male, and "adult." Yet much of the history of immigration is a story of women and children. The stories point to this. For example, in January 1914, the El Paso Herald reported that 2,000 Mexican refugees had crossed the river at Presidio, Texas, including "half starved women and children." The Secretary of War had instructions that the refugees be allowed to cross in order to save their lives. Are these refugees part of the immigration story? In 1919, a similar situation occurred in El Paso as thousands of refugees crossed the border fleeing an intense battle The El Paso Times reporter described it this way, "Genuine pathos marked the flight of the Mexicans. Half clad women, their hair loose, fear written on their faces, ambled across the bridge, holding scantily dressed, crying babies to their breasts. Shawls and blankets trailed in the dirt… To leave their humble homes in the wake of war and at the mercy of their fellow countrymen was not a novel thing, but its repetition made it no less terrible." To fully tell the story of Mexican immigration is to tell the terrible and the wonderful, the painful and the joyful. To tell the story is to include the invisible and note the absences. And it is to remember that we must do more than superficially celebrate Mexican immigration but to remember that it has often come at a high human cost. As Peter McLaren, professor of critical pedagogy, writes, "Some people cross borders willingly, some people are forced to cross them, and others are shot in their attempts at crossing."
Medicinal stories honor the humanity of all people. |
|
The presence of such an institution will ensure that the collective memory
of those participating in the great south-north migration--past, present,
and future Margo Gutierrez, Librarian/Bibliographer |
It will be wonderful to have a museum to document the stories of those
who helped to build this country and who came here by a northward route. Most of our US history is taught from the perspective of an east to west expansion. Here on the Rio Grande we have another story to tell and a new perspective on history. Rev. John Stowe, Ysleta Mission, El Paso |
| The proposed Paso al Norte immigration history museum represents a timely
regional effort of national and international import, to document the too-often overlooked legacy of Hispanic contributions to -- and struggles
in -- U.S. society and culture. Once developed, the museum will offer a new
understanding what it means to be an American at the outset of the 21st century. Henry A. J. Ramos, Executive Editor University of Houston Arte Publico Press Hispanic Civil Rights Book Series |
The reasons for placing a museum or institute dedicated to immigration
from the South to El Norte is simple. El Paso, The Pass of the North, continues to serve as a major migratory route as it has for thousands of
years. Particularly now, as our nation goes through the difficult transformation from strictly "American Culture" to become more of a
"Culture of the Americas." . . . the migration continues as we contribute to
and transform the United States. Sergio S. Guerrero Jr. El Paso, TEJAS |
| The research on all families that crossed into the USA at the El Paso-Mexican border, regardless of their nationality, really needs to be done before the records vanish and personal memories fade. Searching for archives in every institution, organization, and recording these records is a first in my opinion. Barbara Dent, El Paso Co. Historical Commissioner |
I teach in a middle school that is 95% Hispanic and I've found that most of
the students don't have a conception of where their family comes from. The
Immigration Museum will give them a focus on where they come from AND why they came here. I think it will be a most valuable tool to show them what
people will do to come to a country like the U.S. Rod Linkous, Social Studies teacher Ysleta ISD, El Paso, Texas Table of Contents |
 |
Editor's
note: I had the memorable experience of being
escorted through historic old El Paso and across the bridge to Cuidad
Juarez by an El Paso native, Margarita Velez, Regional Director
in El Paso for
Texas U.S. Senator Phil Gramm. This is a view from one of the bridges as we crossed over the Rio Grande, from El Paso to Cuidad Juárez. There are two rivers running side by side. |
|
EL TRANVIA
On a recent trip to Juarez my eye fell on the remnants of rail tracks
that once served the old trolley. Today’s rubber-wheeled
trolleys are fine but they lack the charm of the antique cars that
hummed with electricity as the bell clanged to announce its
arrival. In those days, the trolley ferried people back and forth
across the bridge. Next we went to La Florida where Mama bought unrefined sugar and coffee. She picked limes, cilantro, and ordered avocados without pits at the market near the cathedral. Sliced jicama sprinkled with
red chili powder and peeled red “tunas” were on prominent display at
the market. While Mama selected vegetables I relished a prickly
pear whose red juice stained my lips brighter than lipstick. Once we had barely cleared the
inspection point when someone’s sweet grandmother retrieved a parrot
from her large purse. She stroked the groggy bird awake and said
she gave him tequila to keep him quiet. “Asi los paso muy
seguido,” the woman bragged that she smuggled the drunken birds often. At the flag poles on top of the bridge I paused to look upon the Rio Grande where beggars once stood in murky water, waving makeshift cones stuck to long poles. I remember when tourists tossed money while the beggars vied to catch the coins with their ingenious contraptions. Back on the American side I declared my citizenship and paid tax on
the liquor. I stood swaying from a strap on the crowded modern
trolley. A man sat hugging a liquor bottle. The irony made
me smile as I juggled my own package. El Paso Times April 1997 Table of Contents |
 |
 |
| 1882, a wagon train from Mexico on south El Paso St. Photo: Visitor's Bureau brochure. | March 18, 2001, on El Paso St. looking towards the U.S. Mexico border. |
| The
History in the naming of the city of El Paso As early as 1581 Spanish reached the banks of the Rio Grande, referring to the passage, south of the river as el Paso al Norte. In 1598 Juan de Oñate took a large party of settlers north to Santa Fe. Commerce was maintained along the route from various parts of Mexico through el Paso al Norte. 1827: Juan María Ponce de
León obtained a land grant of 211 acres on the north bank of the Rio
Grande, known as Ponce's Rancho. |
Plaque on
the wall of the Camino Real Hotel - A CITY IS BORN
ON THIS SITE WITH BUTTERFIELD STAGES RUMBLING BY, STOOD
A SALOON OPERATED BY BEN S. DOWELL WHO BECAME THE FIRST
MAYOR OF EL PASO ON AUGUST 15, 1873: WITH ALDERMEN JOHN F. EVANS, JOHN S. GILLETTE, ANDREW HORNICK, THOMAS M. MASSIE, JOSEPH SCHUTZ AND
WILLIAM FRYER. THEIR FIRST OFFICIAL ACT WAS TO PASS ORDANCE NO. 1 MAKING IT ILLEGAL FOR ANY PERSON TO BATHE IN EL PASO'S WATER AND DRINKING SUPPLY . . NAMELY, AN ACEQUIA WHICH RAN 150 FEET NORTH OF THIS LOCATION. |
| The
information about the city's change of name from the north of the Rio
Grande's Franklin to present day El Paso reflects the
confusing presentation of history. And also explains the persistence
of the underlying feelings of historical connections.
Pablo Montero, as a character in the highly acclaimed
Univision's telenovela, Abrazame Muy
Fuerte, when questioned about where he
had gone, simply answered "Fuí al otro lado." |
|
 |
By legal mandate and/or by social acceptance, the negation of the Spanish-Mexican presence in the Southwest has lead to confused attitudes among those of Mexican heritage, other Hispanics, and the rest of the nation. Thanks to Cartoonist Sergio Hernandez for a visual reminder. |
|
Source: McWilliams, Carey, 3rd Reprint 1970, "North from Mexico" |
|
Concepción Vasquez shares a memorable 1999 Event El Paso, Texas and Chihuahua City [Editor's note: Connie is a English Contractor with the U.S. State Department] Having been a history buff since I was a child and actively participating as a Board member of the El Paso Mission Trail, I was elated to be invited to The City of Chihuahua in 1999 to help them recreate the events that founded their Capital City back in 1709 by lending them the wardrobe used our city re-enactment of our First Thanksgiving Celebration April 30th 1598. Our technical assistant, Ruben de Anda and I, the VP of Fundraising, were entrusted with lending the period wardrobe that would permit the Government of Chihuahua to hold this much awaited event. We were transported in Government vehicles from El Paso all the way to Chihuahua City. Upon crossing the border we picked up a University Professor that was to be the actor that would take the roll of the Governor Armando Deza y Ulloa the one that cast the decisive vote to found the City of Chihuahua as the capitol of the State in lieu of the City of Santa Eulalia, a small colonial mining town nestled in the hills October 12th 1709. From the time of our departure until the time that we were safely returned to our hometown of El Paso, Texas we were treated with the utmost respect and courtesy, fully confirming the word famous hospitality of Mexicans. They had known of our plight and continued struggles to popularize and publicize the exploits of the famous or infamous Don Juan de Oñate, the conquistador of our City back in 1598. They had seen our costumes and wanted for us to participate by being the providers of the wardrobe. They could have them done themselves but insisted that El Paso participate as a means of reaching out to their brothers across the river. We shared so much history, why not share in the re-enactment? This was a way of connecting us culturally and spiritually. El Paso is the trendsetter with the celebration created by Sheldon Hall, the founder of the El Paso Mission Trail Association. We were just following on his legacy and proving continuity to the Mission of Friendship and Collaboration that he had initiated. We outfitted the actors which were community leaders and professionals recruited by the Mayor’s office to participate in the re-enactment. They were all honored and happy to participate. Most of them equally surprised that the people of El Paso, a US City, had beaten them in making this type of an event a community project and one that promoted the history of the area. We, Mexican-Americans and them, Mexicans were brothers sharing a common past. We both felt connected and they were also surprised that we spoke
Spanish and knew our common History as much as we were just as surprised
that they were fully bilingual. We shared laughs and relished
these moments of total synergy. The whole group rehearsed and
spent hours trying to dominate the Spanish pronunciations and conceal
their Mexican Chihuahua northern accents. We laughed and joked
most of the morning and by noon everyone felt comfortable enough to
participate. At this juncture the press arrived and the actors
confidently posed and were interviewed. |
| If you
have family roots in El Paso, you may want to contact two organizations in
that area. El Paso Genealogical Society, c/o El Paso Public Library, 501 N. Oregon, El Paso, TX 79901 Publication editor: Elvira Zavala-Patton, (915) 855-7377 San Elizario Genealogy and Historical Association, P.O. Box 1090, San Elizario, TX 79849 |
| The
Second volume of New Mexico Prenuptial Investigations from the Archivos
Historicos del Arzobispado de Durango, 1800-1893 by Dr. Rick Hendricks
and John B. Colligan has been published. It contains abstracts of
256 diligencias matriomoniales that pertain to New Mexico and the
El Paso del Norte area.
$29.50 plus postage/handling, $3. Available from: Rio Grande Historical Collections, New Mexico State University Library, (505) 646-4727 or email: archives@lib.nmsu.edu |
| In
1822, Rafael Acosta, a resident of San Elizario, described himself as an
espanól mexicano, the first individual to refer to himself as a Mexican in these diligencias. Three years later, Guadalupe Mora of el Paso stated that he was a citizen of the Estados Unidos Mexicanos. There are no records in Durango for New Mexico marriages after September 1846. Thereafter, all the diligencias pertain to the El Paso del Norte, Chihuahua area. Sent by Austin Hoover, Director, Rio Grande Historical Collection |
| U.S. News article, The Many Faces
of America gave the following figures, total population in:
1990
2000 Hispanics: 9.%, 12.5% Blacks: 12.5% 12.3% 3-19-01 |
National origin of Hispanics in
the U.S. Mexico 66.1% Central/South America 14.5% Puerto Rico 9. -% Other 6.4% Cuba 4.-% |
| http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/default.asp Check it out. . . | |
| Free online genealogy
course offered by BYU. "Finding Your Ancestors" online
course is a great source of information for beginning
genealogists. It provides an excellent overview for getting
started in genealogy. Lessons are aimed at the newcomer. http://ce.byu.edu/is/dept/famhist.htm Sent by George Gause, from the Eastman's Online Genealogy Newsletter. |
|
| Free Treasure
Maps Genealogy Newsletter ragan@mediaone.net Robert Ragan invites Somos Primos readers to receive his free newsletter. The April, Vol 7, number 4 has a great article about using the Census. Strongly recommend viewing Treasure Maps Genealogy Newsletter. Table of Contents |
|
| In one of the largest
desegregation settlements in U.S. history, the state of Mississippi
agreed Monday (April 23, 2001) to spend $500 million to improve
its historically black colleges and end claims of discrimination dating
back a quarter of a century. In the early 1990s, Louisiana was
successful at reaching desegregation settlements for their colleges. LA
Times, 4-24-01
Editor's note: There are about 120 historically black colleges and universities in about two dozen states, most of them in the south. Many of these colleges and universities date back to post-Civil War programs, established under the Freedman Bureau. |
|
|
African-American and Hispanic numbers compared. Much has been made of the fact that Hispanics now outnumber those African-Americans who claim a single racial category. That's an interesting statistic, but there are others: Right now, blacks outnumber Hispanics 2-1 in Congress and 3-1 in state legislatures. Nationally, there are almost 9,000 elected black officeholders, compared with about 5,100 Hispanics. In Georgia, where the growth rate of Hispanics was the third-highest of any state, there are nearly half a million Latinos (probably more, if you could count those who shunned the Census-takers), but only four elected Latino officials: three city councilmen and a judge. Similar comparisons can be made in many other states. Source: Don Campbell, USA Today, 4-23-01, Sent by Frank Quevedo |
| Indians Returning to the
Reservations
A population surge is seen from coast to coast. Indians are
returning to the reservations. Tribal leaders attributed much
of the change to the jobs provided by casinos, but also educated
Natives returning to the comfort of their home culture. |
|
Ellis Island Database, Immigrant Records Will Be Available Online |
| Hispanic
Heritage promoted by the effort of the National Register of Historic Places. Great site to explore!. http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/feature/hispanic/hisp00.htm The National Register of Historic Places is pleased to help foster the general public's awareness, understanding, and appreciation for Hispanic culture during National Hispanic Heritage Month. As part of the celebration, this site highlights various publications, properties listed in the National Register, and National Parks that deal directly with the ingenuity, creativity, cultural, and political experiences of Hispanic Americans. Join the National Register of Historic Places in recognizing and exploring the achievements of a people that have contributed so much to American culture.
Teaching with
Historic Places *Castolon:
A Meeting Place of Two Cultures *San
Antonio Missions: Spanish Influence in Texas
Lamesa
Farm Workers Community Historic District Padua
Hills Theatre
National
Register Home Comments or Questions
Privacy & Disclaimer
Site optimized for V4.0
& above browsers |
|
United
States Department of Defense, Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office Database contains 11848 records (6916 distinct surnames) http://userdb.rootsweb.com/pow_mia/ Most information in this database comes from the United States Department of Defense, Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office (DPMO). This information is current as of 7/16/2000 and additional information may be available on the DPMO Internet Web Site, or war specific as follows: Cold War: http://www.dtic.mil/dpmo/pmcold/ Other records contributed by the Orange Co., CLICK HERE to
have YOUR data made searchable |
|
http://victorian.fortunecity.com/literary/463/inter-loc.html This site is identified as Interactive Genealogy Location and Military Family History Searches It has links to site for sources on information for both the living and dead. Worth browsing. |
|
The Star-Spangled Banner and Taps Below is an e-mail that was sent by Capt. Bergren to Jack McWhorter and shared by Dr. Granville Hough He wrote: The following came from a friend of ours, Jari Villanueva, who serves as the lead bugler for Arlington ceremonies. It underscores the reason why we have the Service Bands. Hello, I usually don't send out mass emails but.. Today I'm out of the US Air Force for one whole day... I'm going to re-enlist tomorrow at high noon at Arlington National Cemetery. The ceremony will be at the Taps Exhibit or on the Steps of the Curtis-Lee Mansion (I'm still waiting to hear from the National Park Service for permission) So with your permission I wrote a few words on what Taps means to me.... (feel free to pass this on) For my reenlistment ceremony, I chose to take the oath at Arlington National Cemetery. As I reenlisted in the United States Air Force, I paused to reflect on my career in which I have participated in hundreds of ceremonies and have sounded Taps over 1,500 times. There are two pieces of music that stir the hearts and emotion of Americans-The Star-Spangled Banner and Taps. Over the sixteen years I've sounded Taps at Arlington and at other cemeteries, there are ceremonies that stand out in my memory. Of all the times I've sounded the call the most memorable for me were the times I sounded it at the Tomb of the Unknowns. To me to this is the highest honor that a bugler can perform. It is the military musician's equivalent of "playing Carnegie Hall." I sounded the call at the funeral of General Ira Eaker, commander of the 8th Air Force during World War II, and for funeral of General Godfrey McHugh, Air Force Aide to President Kennedy. I sounded the British call "Last Post" at the grave of an Australian flyer who is buried at ANC in a ceremony attended by the Australian Air Force Chief of Staff. On every Memorial weekend for the past twelve years I have performed at a memorial service for the Flying Tigers, the W.W.II flying group, at the Old Memorial Amphitheater at Arlington. This is especially moving for me to see these real heroes of a previous generation. The hardest funerals I've been asked to sound Taps at were those of active duty military members. One such was a funeral in Oil City, Pennsylvania for a nineteen year old airman who was killed by a drunk driver while on his way to his first duty assignment. At the cemetery most of the mourners were teenagers from his high school. As I began the call a wail went up from those who knew this young man. It was hard to finish the call. Another tough time was when I sounded the call for a friend's father who had served as a bombardier during W.W.II. As I glanced at her before beginning, I noticed that she was wearing his wings. Pretty difficult.... To me, Taps conveys an important message though it's twenty-four notes.
To all U.S. soldiers, from the Civil War on, when sounded at night the call
meant that all was well and secure. It gave a sense of security and
safeness to those men and also signaled that another day in the service to their
country was done. Because of the melodious and poignant nature of the |
|
May
26th, |
| Orange County's population has become the second largest county in the state, as well as one of the most diverse places in the nation with skyrocketing Hispanic and Asian population. |
| Figures from the 2000 census show that whites are no longer the majority in 10 of the county's cities. That was true of only one city, Santa Ana, in 1990. In Buena Park, the percentage of the population that was white dwindled from 71% in 1990 to 38% in 2000, as the percentage that were Latino increased to at least 30% and Asians to at least 21%. OC Register, 3-30-01 |
| The Juaneno tribe is praising a builder for saving objects from a 500-year-old village that might once have been discarded. Developer Archon Group hired archaeologists to catalog and organize the arrowheads, animal bones, stone tools and other artifacts. Fifty file boxes will be on display by year's end at the tribe's Blas Aguilar Adobe Museum. OC Register, 3-30-01 |
| Lillian Robles, a revered elder with the Juaneño Band of Mission Indians died April 3. She was direct descendant of Roque Cota and Jose Antonio Navarro, who accompanied the 11 families that settled the city of Los Angeles in 1781. The Juaneño part of her family traces her roots to the San Juan Capistrano's founding in 1771. LA Times, 4-8-01 |
| A
pictorial exhibit of the Mexican American history in Orange County,
circa 1910-2000 can be seen through June 20, 2001 at the Old Courthouse
Museum, first floor, 211 W. Santa Ana Blvd., Santa Ana, hours, Mon-Fri,
9 am- 5 pm. More information: (714) 834-3703 Submitted by Yolanda Alvarez |
| In the fall of 2001 a new city park in the Town of Orange, California will be built, it will be a 15 acre site, I saw the plans and it will be a beautiful park. With great honor and great pride I can tell you the name of the park. At a special meeting in the City Hall Area, today 4-23-2001 the name of the park will be, "GRIJALVA COMMUNITY PARK," located at Prospect Ave. And Spring St., Table of Contents |
| The city
of Santa Ana was chosen as a pilot program that bridges the gap between
the computer savvy and the technologically disadvantaged. The
Neighborhood Technology Center (NTC) provides free computer access and
professional training. Geared towards adults in low-income
families, individuals will have the opportunity to train in 8-week
modules offered in the day and evening with coursework in basic internet
exploring. For more information: http://www.sacollege.org Submitted by Theresa Arzate |
| Orange
Family History Center , 674 S. Yorba St., Orange, California offers a
variety of research classes year around. The OFHC is a multi-regional
center and is open every day except Sunday and Monday. Recent
acquisitions: Tracing Your Philippine Ancestors in 3 volumes by Lee W.
Vance and the Freedman's Bank Records CD. Information: (714) 997-7710 Submitted by Beth McCarty |
| REMEMBER THIS DATE:
April 14,
1947 The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in favor of Gonzalo and Felicitas Méndez - to end segregation of Mexican children in Orange County Schools, Méndez vs. Westminster Schools. Under then Governor Earl Warren, the California Legislature repealed the state's segregation laws. The governor went on to become chief justice of the United States and wrote the Brown vs. Board of Education decision that in 1954 ended school segregation nationwide. Extract from article by Yvette Cabrera, Register Columnist, Orange County Register, 4-13-01 |
|
National Archives and Records Administration Pacific Region, 24000 Avila Rd, 1st Floor East, Laguna Niguel, CA 92677-3497 Reservations Required, please call to reserve a place, (949) 360-2641, ext.0 Sat May 5, 10 am: Naturalization and Immigration Records This course treats immigration and citizenship records, emphasizing procedural changes from 1790 to the present and locating both naturalization records and passenger manifests. Wed May 16, 9:30 am: Introduction
to Military Records May 19, 10 am: Preparing fro the
1930 Census Thurs May 24, 9:30 am: Preserving
Your Family History |
|
Carlos
Fuentes in Santa Ana
April 22, 2001, "literary
giant," Mexican author Carlos Fuentes visited Librería Martinez in
Santa Ana. Hundreds of people lined up outside the very popular
bookstore waiting to see yet another famous author appear at Librería
Martinez. |
| Editor's note: Librería Martinez owner Ruebén Martinez is dedicated to encouraging Hispanics to have a love of reading and cultural arts. His efforts have been very successful, earning him respect and gratitude from local Hispanic leaders. On April 21st Ruebén won the Estrella award for an outstanding Small Business. Recognition was made by the Orange County Hispanic Chamber of Commerce in the Grand Ballroom of the Disneyland Hotel. Congratulations Ruebén! |
|
A
relationships between Father Xavier Keller and an Indian Family "On October 27, [1745] I solemnly baptized Ignacia Xaviera, daughter of Mauricio Robles and María, Yaqui Indians. Godparents were Gaspar Bezerra and Michaela de Grijalva. Ignacio Xavier Keller, Minister of Doctrine for His Majesty" Since they had three children named after Father Keller it would seem to me that they (at least this couple) must have liked him alright. Here are a few interesting O'odham names: María Rosa Tuunatututug, Ana María Topsengug, Micaela Tupugnuog, Juan Antonio Hubuncagt, and Micaela Vahp-panhu. Source: Don Garate, sent by Eddie Grijalva |
| May
5, 2001 Special Exhibit of Pio de Jesus Pico, 1801 - 1894 His Life and Times, Pico Pico House 200 anniversary of the birth of Pio Pico, the last governor of California under Mexican rule Open to the public, May 5 to July 31st at 424 North Main Street, Los Angeles, California El Pueblo de Los Angeles Historical Monument and El Pueblo Park Association Information: 213-680-2525 |
| McDonald's
Fiesta Broadway XII - - Free
www.fiestabroadway.net When: Sunday, May 6, 11 am- 6 pm Where: Downtown Los Angeles Why: To commemorate el Cinco de Mayo, 1862 - When Mexican forces declared victory against French invaders at the Battle of Puebla. Table of Contents |
| The Getty's exhibition, Mexico: From Empire to Revolution to close May 20, 2001. Includes photos, postcards, and albums used to enlist political support. http://www.getty.edu |
|
The
French Community in the History of Los Angeles 1st part (1779-1859) 
2nd part (1859-1911)Click on the following and then select English on their menu. http://www.consulfrance-losangeles.org French influence in Los Angeles began even before the city itself was founded! It was actually Théodore De Croix (b. Lille 1730 - d. Madrid 1791), ruler of the Northwestern Provinces of Mexico for King Charles III of Spain, who recommended the founding of a pueblo on the banks of the Porciúncula. This wish was realised by Governor Felipe de Neve who signed the proclamation of foundation on August 26, 1781. On September 4, 1781, "El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de Los Angeles" was inaugurated. It was then necessary to wait until Mexican independence in 1822 for California to be open to non-Spanish immigrants. The establishment of the Spanish Basques explains, for the most part, the large attraction of their cousins from the Soule, Basse-Navarre, and Labourd regions to California. The Basques maintain to this day a great tradition of cattle breeding and farming in Southern California. The
first French immigrants, former members of Napoléon Bonaparte's
old guard who had fought for Mexican independance from Spain,
arrived in the Pueblo around 1828 with their leading officer Louis
Bauchet (also spelled Bouchet or Bouchette). |
|
Los Angeles Public Library has a Regional History Project You can view about 2.5 million photos in the index and then order copies of the photos that you select. These are the divisions. http://www.lapl.org/elec_neigh/ Sent by Johanna de Soto |
Santa Monica Public Library
|
| Cruz Reynoso, a former associate justice of the California Supreme Court and a leading advocate for civil and human rights, has been named the first recipient of a new endowed chair in the School of Law at the University of California, Davis. |
|
Limestone blocks from a 12th century abbey in Spain, brought to the U.S.
by William Randolph Hearst, will again serve again their original purpose.
The Vina community of 23 cloistered monks
in California have obtained the limestone blocks to build their abbey.
OC Register,
2-21-01 Table of Contents |
|
Early California Missions Records can be available Family History Centers Many new family history researchers with early California lines do not realize that they can have access to microfilmed copies of original documents. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints has microfilmed almost all the known records. You can search at home and then order the film by microfilm number at a local Family History Center to view the document. The following phone number will help you locate the closest Center to you. 1-800-346-6044 Search at home at www.FamilySearch.org The following is an example of what you might expect to find under Mission Registers: Catholic Church. Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa (San Luis Obispo, California) Baptisms:
1772-1869 |
|
Diverse Californians For the rest of the report. . . . http://www.ppic.org/publications/PPIC145/ppic145.press.html |
| Good
news for bibliophiles and enthusiasts of Californian history. After much
expectation, publisher Ye Galleon Press, Fairfield, WA, has recently
released the following titles:
ACCOUNT OF THE PORTOLA EXPEDITION
WHICH DISCOVERED SAN FRANCISCO BAY, by Miguel Constansó. Facsimilar of
the 1790 London edition, fold out maps, introduction by W. Michael
Mathes (2000). Sent by Carmen Boone de Aguilar |
| News Briefs: Nevada's Hispanic population surged 217 % in 10 years. |
| March
9, 2002, The Catalan Association Of Vancouver, B.C. Canada will
celebrate the 200 years of the death on Cap. Pedro de Alberni of the
first Cia of the Catalonian Volunteers. An nvitation was extended to the
"Blue Coats," Sons of the American Revolutions. Sent by Granville Hough http://www.ashlu.com/casal casal@ashlu.bc.ca |
| U.S. Commission on Civil Rights calls for an end to Indian team names and mascots at non-Indian schools, colleges and universities, saying it could be construed as "disrespectful and offensive." Associated Press, 4-14-01 |
|
In the fall of 1999, the
National Institute for
Genealogical Studies partnered with the Continuing Education Program
of the Faculty of Information Studies, University of Toronto (FIS/CE) to offer North America's first Certificate Program in genealogical
studies delivered entirely over the Internet. For further information, please visit these websites:
National Institute at: http://www.genealogicalstudies.com and FIS/CE at: http://ce.fis.utoronto.ca/genealogy |
| Texas News Briefs: Texas may soon become, after California, the second big state in which non-Hispanic whites are no longer a majority. OC Register, 3-25-01 |
| Los Bexarenos heard Prof. Miguel
Angel Munoz Borrego, Ass't Director, Instituto Estatal de Documentacion
(Coahuila State Archives) speak on the Archives at Ramos Arizpe (a
suburb of Saltillo) Coahuila. These archives include the records
of ten municipalities in the Southern Region of Coahuila. He also
gave information on the course in Genealogy that is being offered under
the auspices of the University of Coahuila and the Instituto Estatal de
Documentation.
4 May, 2001, 7:30 PM,
Speaker
Homero S. Vera |
|
Source,
Antonio Uribe AEUribe25@aol.com For more stories gathered by Roberto D.
Uribe and Antonio Uribe contact them directly. |
|
More stories from Laredo Morning Times: RE: History and Land Grants---The land grants around Guerrero Viejo(Revilla), Zapata, San Ygnacio et.al. were granted to settlers as an encouragement for settlement rather than service to the Crown. Service to the Crown land grants are known as "mercedes." Anyway, the land grants in the area we are talking about were finalized in 1767 as a result of the "Visita General" in which the porciones were surveyed and given to the original settlers. You can find the list of original settlers on my Guerrero Viejo web page. Antedating the settlement of Guerrero Viejo, the land belonged to Juan Guerra Cañamar who had been a young soldier during the Alonso de Leon entrada(1689) into what is now called Texas. Juan Guerra Cañamar eventually became the "alcalde mayor" and "Capitan a Guerra" of the presidio and settlement of Cerralvo. He received this land, between the Rio Salado and the Rio Grande,as a "merced" for his use as an "agostadero." Prior to the official settlement, around 1747-48, Bernabe Gutierrez de Lara with around "6 or 7 other vecinos" lived there. Even earlier, between 1743-49, Juan Guerra Cañamar's son-in-law, Nicolas de la Garza, established his ranch there. When de la Garza died, a Tlaxcaltecan Indian, Antonio Tabares, got permission from the widow to establish a ranch there for his "chincorro" of goats and a small herd of sheep. Not to far away, José Baez Benavides and his five brothers (from Sabinas) also established their ranch. The area's history is rich and beautiful and a good account has yet to be written. There is a lot of erroneous information floating out there because of lack of thorough research. At the risk of offending someone (not my intention) be wary of what Tio Fulano de Tal may say. While anecdotal accounts are helpful, they have to be confirmed with the cold objectivity of archival research. I deeply respect and love the history of Guerrero Viejo and I hope to write an account some day. The day is not here, since I'm still accumulating research material besides having to fulfill my duties as a parent, an employee and a graduate student in history. If God gives me the time, I hope some day to write a more accurate history of Guerrero Viejo. Source: J.J. Gallegos gallegjj@aol.com ,
Friendswood, TX Sent by Elsa Herbeck |
|
TLALCOYOTE by Ernesto Uribe Dear Friends, This is to announce that my novel TLALCOYOTE has been published and is now available. This is a book you will want in your collection of fiction written by South Texas writers. Here are the words of a reviewer: I surprised myself by becoming utterly absorbed by the tale. Rogelio Ramirez's life as a Comanche captive--Tlalcoyote, or "The Badger"--taught him that he had everything needed to survive. Fascinating in its authentic portrayal of untamed Comanche life, colorful with its images of early New Orleans and riverboat days, sensuous in its erotic fantasies, this is a book that will hold the adventurous reader's interest until the very last page. Viva Tlalcoyote" B.T. White Here is the blurb on the book jacket: "A spell binding story of gut-level survival and adaptation to violent cultural changes, Tlalcoyote is set in Texas and Louisiana in the early 1820s. This well-researched novel takes you from Spanish Colonial Texas to the terror and bravery of a captive's life in a Comanche camp, on into the earthly passion of slave voodoo rites on a Louisiana plantation, and finally to the colorful streets of 19th-century New Orleans with all its violence and exoticism of the period. Engagingly human, sensual and humorous, the adventures of young Rogelio Ramirez -- the Tlalcoyote of the title -- are ones you will long remember." Ernesto Uribe grew up on horseback, popping cattle out of the brush on a South Texas ranch where his family has raised beef since 1755. Educated in the public schools in Laredo, Texas, he went on to Texas A & M College on a track scholarship and holds a masters degree from that institution. Joining the United States Information Agency as a foreign service officer in 1962, he filled posts primarily in Latin America until leaving the senior ranks of the service to write fiction full-time. The Laredo Morning Time April 8, 2001 carried a very glowing
review of Tlalcoyote. A monolingual English speaking person might wonder, "What is a
Tlalcoyote?" The coyote part is easy to pick up, but how about the "Tlal?" Uribe says it means badger and translates to "one tough animal." |
http://www.tsl.state.tx.us/arc/service/indexb.html
Texas Adjutant General Service Records, 1836-1935Search by first letter of last name and see key to abbreviations
below.
|
| Key to
abbreviations ARM Army of the Republic, 1836-45 CSA Confederate States Army, 1861-65 FB Frontier Battalion, 1874-98, 1901 FF Frontier Forces, 1870-71 LR Loyalty Rangers, 1918 MM Minute Men, 1855-62, 1872-74 MV Mounted Volunteers, 1854-61 NAV Navy of the Republic, 1836-45 |
RR Regular
Rangers, 1855-61, 1901-35
RRR Railroad Rangers, 1922-35 SP State Police, 1870-71 SR Special Rangers, 1916-34 TST Texas State Troops, 1861-65 TVG Texas Volunteer Guard, 1881, 1886-1903 USV United States Volunteers, Spanish-American War, 1898 |
Sent by Johanna de Soto
http://www.texancultures.utsa.edu/memories/htms/Habig_footnotes.htm Table of Contents |
| PIONEER
RELIGIOUS CONGREGATIONS OF MEN IN TEXAS BEFORE 1900 Robert E. Wright, O.M.I.(*) From the initial foundations of Christianity within the present borders of Texas(1) in 1681 up until the present time, vowed religious congregations of Catholic men have played significant roles in the history and society of this territory.(2) The present article summarizes the presence and major activities of those congregations which worked in Texas before 1900. They can truly be called pioneers since they ministered at a time when many sections of the state were still in their early stages of permanent civil and ecclesiastical organization. Catholic church leaders often call upon vowed religious congregations
in response to certain pastoral situations demanding specialized
attention or a considerable commitment of personnel and organizational
resources. Due to these groups' self-administration and
"pooling" of their own resources and membership, they can
promptly accept responsibility for several posts at once or for a
specialized ministry appropriate to their own particular goals. For the
same reason, these religious can also provide a promise of continuity.
On the other hand, the autonomy of religious congregations also allows
them to pull out of a location or ministry, with the diocesan
authorities once again obliged to seek replacements. Both of these
scenarios--continuity and discontinuity in the ministerial contribution
of vowed religious congregations of men--have certainly been visible in
the history of the Catholic Church in Texas. These Franciscan priests, accompanied occasionally by brothers of
their order, ministered from the river oasis of the El Paso district in
the west to the pine forests of East Texas and from the Hill Country in
central Texas to the banks of the Rio Grande in what is now south and
southwest Texas. Not only did they work as missionaries among the
indigenous peoples--their original primary task--but they also aided the
diocesan or "secular" clergy who eventually joined them in
attending to the increasing number of Hispanic soldiers, settlers, and
their families.(3) |
|
NM Death Index Project. For more information, click on: http://www.nmia.com/~samquito/nmdi.html County Coordinator for NMGenWeb's Sierra, Socorro & Valencia http://www.rootsweb.com/~nmsierra/index.htm http://www.rootsweb.com/~nmsocorr/index.htm http://www.rootsweb.com/~nmvalenc/index.htm I save used/cancel postage stamps for charity, including duplicates. Send any amount to: 1520 Univ. Bl.,NE#314, Albuquerque, NM 87102-1723 Sam-Quito Padilla G. at: samquito@nmia.com |
|
Mora County, NM Marriages A transcription of a Mora County Marriage Book 1875-1890: http:// www.nmgs.org/artmrgs-mora.htm For a full list of NMGS articles online: http:// www.nmgs.org/znmgs.htm Source: Sam Padillo-Quito |
Also recommended for general
research: http://www.iTools.com/research-it/ http://www.refdesk.com/ http://www.lib.utulsa.edu/netref/index.htm http://www.hispanicgenealogy.com http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Senate/ 4593/geneal.html Source Pat Esterly, sent by Donie Nelson |
|
Anza Painting Is Not Original Portrait
It took ten years of preparation, negotiation, and analysis to arrive at the conclusion that the painting, first published by Bolton in the 1920's and now on display in the Palace of Governors in Santa Fe, is not an original portrait of Juan Bautista de Anza. It was thought that the artwork had been done in 1774 in Mexico City during Anza's stay there between his first and second expeditions. As much as it had been hoped that the story was accurate, it has now been proven that that is not the case. The painting, at best, is a late nineteenth century work, but probably was done shortly after the turn of the twentieth century. Partial text of message by Don Garate and sent by Cindy LoBuglio |
| Dane
Hartwell - Horseback America - horseam@flahorse.com http://www.horsebackamerica.com/hba3.htm Editor's note: This selection was included as an excellent example of writing a family adventures. We awoke at 2:00 a.m. with howling wind and snow pelting the tent. I ran outside to make sure nothing was lying around, not knowing what to expect in the morning. When we woke, it was silent. I knew what this meant; the snow had covered the tent! I banged the snow off the tent and jumped outside. Two feet of snow and 50 mph wind ripped at my clothes. Our camp was on a rugged ridge around 6500 feet and our trusty Pacific Crest Trail was nowhere in sight. We saddled up and blindly rode along the ridge. The horses were walking sideways in the swirling snow and becoming panicky. I decided this was not going to work
after struggling for 100 yards. I peered through the blowing snow and
could see nothing but rock shelves and pinnacles. We had to get out of the
mountains and the only way was to blindly ride down the gentlest slope.
This was hard since we could not see more than 50 feet. The topo' map was
hard to read and showed nothing but steep sides with a promise of logging
roads below. It was navigation by instincts alone. The Clydesdale was
slipping all over and all the horses fell on the snow- covered rocks. We
ran into dead-ends and solid rock ledges and had to reroute occasionally.
Fear had silenced Gretchen as we struggled down the mountain. Our
desperate prayers were answered when we found the dirt road. |
|
Society for the History of the Early American Republic (SHEAR) , July 15-18, 1999 Session 5: Images and Iconography of Spanish and Mexican New Mexico [Editor's note: http://weber.ucsd.edu/Depts/Ethnic/fac/rfrank/SHEAR99/SHEAR99.html In his History of New Mexico and Arizona, Hubert Howe Bancroft wrote: "From 1700 New Mexico settled into that monotonously uneventful career of inert and non-progressive existence which sooner or later is to be noted in the history of every Hispano-American province." I am not sure that this statement will withstand serious scrutiny for any province of Northern Mexico, but it fails miserably as a description of late colonial New Mexico. If the province looked in dire straits in the middle of the 18th century due to isolation enforced by Indian raids, things changed dramatically by the 1790s. I will argue here that a short but intense economic boom in New Mexico from the 1780s to about 1810, led to a redefinition of provincial society and culture. Unlike the situation in the other northern provinces of New Spain, the Franciscan missionaries favored the cultural assertion of the non-Indian, "Vecino" (citizen) population, over the Pueblo Indian communities that they served. As a result, generations of santeros (saint-makers) developed new vocabularies of visual expression and iconographical meaning which reflected a particular New Mexican cultural resonance. After defending themselves for decades against intense periods of Comanche and Apache raids on Vecino villages and Indian Pueblos along the Río Grande, a Spanish-Pueblo military victory in 1779 over the Comanche leader Cuerno Verde opened the way for a Spanish-Comanche peace six years later. The Comanche connection sprouted into an era of renewed trade with New Mexicans and a military alliance against the most intractable of the Apache bands. New Mexican merchants began to reestablish and expand commercial relations with Chihuahua, the closest substantial market city south of the province, and with the garrisons of the presidios (frontier fortifications) recently established or expanded in northern Sonora and Nueva Vizcaya. Sheep, wool, and finished woven textiles represented the mainstay of new burgeoning commercial enterprises. Further, after the hazards to life brought by warfare and a major smallpox outbreak that reached the province in 1781, the population of New Mexico began to grow rapidly, especially among the non-Pueblo villages. Vecino families holding inadequate farmlands to sustain themselves began to bring new lands under cultivation in the 1780s in areas that had previously been too vulnerable to Comanche attack to use. In sum, by the mid-1790s New Mexican Vecino society felt the rewards of peace, a renewed export trade, increased production of agricultural goods and livestock, and the imported luxuries that such prosperity brought. The development of devotional religious images called santos represents one aspect of the Vecino cultural expression that accompanied economic growth at the end of the colonial period. The history of santos also demonstrates a close working relationship between the Vecino laity and the Franciscan missionaries that had arisen since mid-century. Due to the difficulty of obtaining religious devotional objects for churches and chapels in New Mexico during the eighteenth century, Spanish missionary/artisans within the province began making santos, carved and painted religious figures of saints, beginning shortly after the reconquest.[1] The first pieces fashioned in New Mexico until approximately mid-century conform to a formal, linear style, modeled after religious paintings and frescoes done in provincial neo-Renaissance style elsewhere in New Spain. Grouped by art-historian E. Boyd into the "Franciscan F" {A1} and "Franciscan B" {B2} styles, missionaries executed these religious works, possibly with Indian assistance, for the decoration of the Pueblo missions, as opposed to the settler dominated churches of Santa Fe, Santa Cruz de la Cañada, and Albuquerque. {A3} {B4} Sent by Johanna de Soto Table of Contents |
HISTORY OF THE LOS CERRILLOS MINING AREA by Homer E. MilfordMaterial was originally published by the New Mexico Abandoned Mine Land Bureau Reports 1994 - 2 and 1996 - 1NOTES FOR HISTORY SECTION OF REAL DE LOS CERRILLOS [Editor's note: The following are just two of the notes to illustrate the kind of helpful information you will find, historical, genealogical, and social. There are 17 notes. http://www.nazor.net/cerrillos/mines/real25.htm The literature indicate almost universal acceptance of the idea that one league was the equivalent of 2.6 miles (the Mexican League). However, as unlikely as it may seem, this appears to be to short of a distance for what was used as a league in the early colonial period. Thus distances are given in "leagues" without a conversion into U.S. miles in this report. The longest and probably the best defined distance in early New Mexico is the distance from Santa Fe to El Paso. The distance from El Paso Del Norte to Santa Fe is consistently given as 100 leagues in the testimony of numerous witnesses in the 1680s and 1690s. This being the longest distance for early colonial New Mexico, its conversion to miles should be the most accurate. The distance from Santa Fe to El Paso measured in miles during the 1840s is given by Moorhead (1958, p. 107). The Camino Real in many places had a variety of different paths that could be taken leading to variation in measurement of its total distance. Manuel Alverez (circa 1840) measured the distance as 337 miles (3.37 miles=league), and Wizelizenus (1848) measured it in 1846 as 345 miles (3.45 miles=league). Carrera Stampa's (1949) paper on the Evolution of Weights and Measures in New Spain gives 2.6 miles to the league but he qualifies it by saying "... the standards legally effective towards the end of the colonial period."(p.10) and his sentence on the early colonial league contains the qualifier "seems to have been" and that it contained 3,000 (sic. 5,000) pasos de Salomon. In order to avoid the long discussion needed to deal with this problem, and when the league was shortened, I have used the accepted distance (Mexican League) or avoided making the conversion. However, it seems likely that the early colonial league used in New Mexico was probably the 3.4 mile league. One old dictionary (A Dictionary of Spanish and Spanish-American Mining, Metallurgical and Allied Terms, Edward Halse, 1908, Charles Griffin & Co., London) listed: LEGUA, league: in Spain = 5572.7 m. or 3.462 English miles; in Mexico = 9120 m. or 2.604 English miles. I have not located any discussion of the question, but it seems likely that Spanish officials coming to the Americas would have used a "Spanish League". Thus the league in use in Spain in the 1500s and 1600s should be checked to see if it was then about 3.4 miles. Hendriks (1994) also indicated that in the retracing of one of Roque Madrid's expeditions in the early 1700s, the distances measured indicate he considered a league as over 3 miles. The distance from Santa Fe to San Marcos Pueblo is consistently referred to as 6 leagues and the distance measured by the road in 1877 was 18.541 miles which gives 3.09 miles to the league (Wheeler report for 1877, Appendix NN, p. 1229). Historic documents from the 18th Century need to be examined for references to the distance from Santa Fe to El Paso to find the approximate date of transition from the 3.4 mile to the 2.6 mile league. NOTE 2: Cristóbal Oñate Spain had problems with conquistadors trying to set themselves up as separate independent rulers and after bad experiences with Cortéz in Mexico, and Pizaro in Peru, a systematic checking of the power of conquistadors occurred after they had conquered a new area (native kingdom). The original powers granted to Juan de Oñate were severely reduced even before the colonization occurred. The Oñates, Zaldivars and other relatives and friends invested much of their fortunes to finance the colonization of "Nuevo Mexico". There was resentment by the Viceroys of New Spain over the autonomy of Oñate from New Spain, and a desire to have New Mexico as just another province of New Spain. The Viceroys down-playing the results of the conquest. The New Mexico diserters in 1601 supplied accusations of misrule and poor results which supported concept that New Mexico could not function independently. Oñate's ambitons were checked by the exhaustion of most of his fortune and his increasing dependence on the Viceroy's financial support. Oñate was unaware of secret orders to the Viceroy in 1606 to find a ruse to get him to come to Mexico City so that a new governor could be appointed. In 1607, Juan de Oñate thought he could force the Viceroy to send the aid he felt the colony needed to succeed by threatening to resign if additional supplies and colonists were not sent to New Mexico. He sent the Viceroy a letter of resignation if additional aid were not sent. This was what the Viceroy needed to break the power of this latest conquistador of a new kingdom and he accepted the resignation. The Viceroy appointed a new governor for New Mexico but the Cabildo of San Gabriel, city council of the only town in New Mexico, rejected the appointment. The Cabildo elected Cristóbal de Oñate as the new governor. In one legal sense, the governorship was automatically his as it had been guaranteed by the Crown in the colonization documents to the Oñates for two generations. Cristóbal de Oñate is not on the lists of New Mexico governors published by the State of New Mexico agencies. However, for a long time there has been little doubt about his being governor from the time of his election by the Cabildo in 1608 until Governor Peralta arrived in 1610, and he has been recognized by some historians. He is entitled to a number of distinctions besides being our second governor. He was the first New Mexico governor of Native American decent. Though all colonial governors are referred to as "Royal Governors," Cristóbal was our only truly "Royal Governor". Cristóbal de Oñate is the only one that was of Royal decent and in a truly American way. He was the great-grandson of Montezuma, the last ruler of the Aztec Empire, and thus of "Royal American" decent. He was also the great-great-grandson of Cortéz. He also was New Mexico's first elected governor. Thus, if one does not consider Popé (1680-168?, 1688-168?) and Luís Tupatu (168?-1688, 168?-1693) as elected governors, then Cristóbal beats his closest rival for the title of "First Elected Governor of New Mexico" by 304 years. An argument can be made that the Viceroy did not have the right to appoint a governor to New Mexico in 1608 when Juan resigned as even the amended colonization agreement gave the governorship to the Oñates for two generations. The Cabildo, citizens of New Mexico, and even the governor the Viceroy appointed, Juan Martínez de Montoya, recognized Cristóbal de Oñate as governor and thus he deserves to be recognized as such by the State of New Mexico. Sent by Johanna de Soto Table of Contents |
| NEWS BRIEFS: Valde Garcia becomes the first Hispanic State Senator in the state of Michigan. |
|
Billed as the largest exhibition of Spanish royal treasure ever presented in North America, Spain's Royal Palaces in Jackson, Mississippi - will continue through September 3rd. The show includes re-creations of five rooms from palaces and royal residences. The most elaborate is the 18th century Porcelain Room, with walls and ceiling coated entirely in porcelain reliefs of Chinese figures, dragons, insects and other chinoiserie. A 55-foot-long gilded gondola; a royal carriage of King Ferdinand VII (1784-1833), many objects and objects. Los Angeles Times, 3-4-01 http://www.majestyofspain.com/medpress/TOP100rls.htm Website sent by Donie Nelson |
| Mississippi Flag, two-thirds of those voted in favor of keeping the 1894 flag with the Confederate emblem of 13 white stars on a blue X. The new flag design has 20 white stars on a blue square denoting Mississippi's role as the 20th state. 4-18-01 |
|
Extracts from an extract U.S. News April 02, 2001
A NATION OF NEW CITIES,
Immigrants are stirring a rich American melting pot and helping stem the
population drain from urban centers, by Angie Cannon |
|
African-American Military Museum
Planned |
| Chicago
CLOSED PARISHES
http://www.italianancestry.com/chgclosed.html The following are examples of what kind of information is available at this site. If your family records show a connection to a specific Parish in Chicago which is closed, this site gives information as to where those records are now housed. Many more parishes are listed. St. Agnes (Pershing Rd.): 1878-1991; records at Archives All Saints (Wallace St.): 1875-1968, Irish; records at All Saints/St. Anthony (28th Pl.) All Saints (State St.): 1906-1989, Lithuanian; records at Archives St. Ambrose (117th St.): 1886; 1887, named changed to St. Louis de France (117th St.); records at Archives St. Andrew Mission (Wadsworth): 1850-1949; renamed St. Patrick (Wadsworth); records at St. Patrick (Wadsworth) St. Ann (Chicago Heights): 1906-1990, German; records at Archives St. Anne (Garfield Blvd.): 1869-1971, Irish; 1865, mission status; records at Archives St. Anne (Richton): 1850-1949, German; a.k.a. St. Anne Mission Chapel (Richton); records at St. Liborius (Steger) St. Anne (Waukegan): 1841; 1843, renamed St. Mary (Waukegan); 1864, became Immaculate Conception (Waukegan); records at Immaculate Conception (Waukegan) Sent by Johanna de Soto Table of Contents |
| http://www.clickers.org/genealogy/louisian.html RESEARCH OUTLINE Louisiana FAMILY HISTORY ,LIBRARY SALT LAKE CITY UTAH THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS This outline describes major sources of information about families from Louisiana. Before reading this outline, study the United States Research Outline, which will help you understand terminology and the contents and uses of genealogical records. RECORDS OF THE FAMILY HISTORY LIBRARY The Family History Library has many of the records described in this outline. The library's major holdings of Louisiana records include census, cemetery, land, probate, and vital records. The library has a large collection of notorial records and naturalization papers from the Parish of Orleans and passenger lists of New Orleans. It is continually acquiring additional records. Some of the sources described in this outline list the Family History Library's book, microfilm, and microfiche numbers. These are preceded by FHL, the abbreviation for Family History Library. These numbers may be used to locate materials in the library and to order microfilm and microfiche at family history centers (formerly known as branch genealogical libraries). |
| Spain's
Louisiana Patriots in its 1779-1783 War with England during the American
Revolution, 166 pages, $16.50, including shipping. Excellent resource. SHHAR, P.O. Box 490, Midway City, CA 92655-0490 |
| NEWS BRIEFS: The English owner of a famed painting by Gilbert Stuart's of President Washington has sold it for $20 million to the Donald W. Reynolds Foundation The Foundation will keep it in the Smithsonian Institution. OC Registered, 3-14-01 |
|
Discovery of a bone at site of a former Staten Island hospital may cancel
the building of a $40 million court facility. The area once held the
Marine Hospital, which began operating in 1799, after communicable
diseases - including typhoid, cholera, tuberculosis, smallpox and yellow
fever- were traced to immigrants arriving in New York. Every ship
that entered New York harbor between 1799 to 1858, was required to stop at
the facility so its passengers could be examined by doctors. Anyone
deemed a public health threat was quarantined. LA Times, 2-20-01 |
| The Florida Photographic Collection seeks to document Florida's history
through a comprehensive array of visual artifacts. More than 790,000
still photographs and about 2,000 movies and vido tapes comprise the
collection. Many of the photographs have been scanned and may be viewed
online at: http://www.dos.state.fl.us/fpc/ |
| A $60 million Catholic Interactive Museum opens. The museum and educational facility located at the Catholic University of American in Washington, D.C. will include a think tank for Catholic scholars, hall with Vatican art treasures and exhibits of current themes. (202) 635-5400 http:www.jp2culturalcenter.org LA Times, 3-25-01 |
| Many of New York State's historical collection of more than 1000,000 documents and artifacts can not be located in its various armories and camps. Sloppy record keeping and stolen items are being slowly recovered through State Police efforts. LA Times, 4-15-01. |
|
Corbis
shifts Photo Collection to Limestone Mine Bill Gates is collecting and storing a century's photo history in a limestone mine 220 feet down. The mine is 60 miles northeast of Pittsburgh. Corbis, the private company of Microsoft's chairman Bill Gates will create a modern, subzero, low-humidity storage area safe from earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, vandals, nuclear blasts, and the ravages of time. The foundation of the collection is the Bettmann archive of 10,000 photographs which until recently were available to researchers in New York City. The collection also includes the United Press International collection, 10 million news photos from archives that once belonged to Hearst, Scripps, the Daily News of New York and the Chicago Tribune. In 1996 Corbis begun digitizing the photos, but as of January only 2% had been completed. Cast is about $20. per photo. Rather than risk photographic quality loss a decision was made to transfer the collection to the mine. Eventually all of the written information that exists about the collection in card catalogs and logbooks will be in the digital database. Digitization will be able to be done as needed by researchers. http://www.corbisimages.com New York Times via Orange County Register, 4-15-01 Table of Contents |
|
Deportations Did you know that during the early colonization of the U.S. and Canada by the English, American Indians who were caught after insurrections or attacks on white settlements were sometimes deported to the West Indies? During the Indian Wars of 1637, Pequot Indians caught were sent to the San Andres Providencia Islands near Nicaragua and Barbados. There are still families in Bermuda who claim their Mohawk (Massachusetts) origin and heritage. Fifteen or sixteen years ago, the parent tribe in Massachusetts reorganized and these families were eventually able to get in touch with their long lost relatives. Rio Grande Researcher, Vol.XXX, No. 1, March 2001 |
|
St. Augustine Foundation Center for Historic Research The St. Augustine Foundation Center for Historic Research at Flagler College was founded by Mr. Lawrence Lewis, Jr., and has been located at the College since 1987. It holds a variety of primary and secondary historical materials, gathered since 1974 to facilitate the study of the history of Spanish colonial Florida. The Center holds more than 950 reels of primary documents on microfilm from Spanish or Spanish-American archives. It possesses a large number of monographic works by historians, archaeologists, or geographers and has a file of papers, reviews and presentations by Eugene Lyon. It has a collection of books, monographs and other files about Christopher Columbus, and more than 800 books on other topics, generally related to Florida, Spanish-American, Spanish, other European and United States history. Included in its book collection are etymological dictionaries of the Spanish language and works on Spanish paleography. Specialized microfilmed collections include the complete Archives of the Counts of Revillagigedo (Madrid), representing the family of Pedro Menéndez de Avilés and his descendants, as well as other families from the north of Spain. The archives contains more than 900,000 pages of documents dating from the 10th to the 20th centuries, including the private and governmental papers of two 18th century New Spain viceroys. Also, the Center has microfilmed the parish records of the congregation of the Spanish exiles from Florida who had established a new St. Augustine in Matanzas Province in Cuba. It holds materials from the Archives of the Indies in Seville, the Archives of Simancas, and the Archives of the Institute of Valencia de Don Juan and the National Historical Archives in Madrid. Many of the microfilmed archival documents at the Center for Historic Research have been translated and entered into a database on AREV software, the size of which is now 14.5 million bytes. This database holds 3,814 documents, 4,978 biographical files and 3,230 culture files. The Center aided in the acquisition of the McAllister and Samuel Proctor book collections of works on Latin American and Florida history and is presently involved in the acquisition of the Stetson Collection, the Spanish document collection from the Archives of the Indies in Spain. The Center is located at 74 Riberia Street, St. Augustine, and its mail should be sent to the College's address given at the bottom of this page. The Center's phone number is (904) 829-6481, extension 296, and its email address is saf@aug.com. Flagler College, 74 King St., P.O. Box 1027, St. Augustine, Fl 32085-1027 Sent by Johanna de Soto Table of Contents |
| NEWS BRIEFS
Family History Support explains the difference between the Mexican IGI and the Middle America Vital Records Index: "Middle America Vital Records is a collection of names which were extracted and typed into the computer but were never processed for addition to the IGI. Since the LDS Church had these 2 million names in the computer with nothing being done with the information, it is now available for people to obtain and use on their own personal computer. This is a separate file from the IGI and most of the names on the Vital Records are not on the IGI so the value will be to use both data collections." FHDFHSup@ldschurch.org To order, 1-800-537-5971 4 CDs for $10. Order number, #50163 |
|
Genealogy of Mexico:
http://members.tripod.com/~GaryFelix/index1.htm AOL Hispanic Surname Page: http://users.aol.com/mrosado007/surnames.htm Sent by Donie Nelson |
|
Pastoral Letter on Mexico, Hierachy of
American Bishops
http://www.ewtn.com/library/bishops/pl1926.htm To the bishops, the clergy, and the faithful of Mexico we inscribe this defense of their history and their rights, not alone as a duty to the faith we hold in common, but as a testimony of their fortitude under trial and to the justice they preach in their dignified and legitimate demands. We bid them be of good cheer, for to Mexico in affliction may the significant words of the Master to the Apostle of the Gentiles be once more applied: "This man is to me a vessel of election, to carry my name before the Gentiles, and Kings, and the children of Israel. For I will show him how great things he must suffer for my name's sake."[60] Given, this twelfth day of December, in the year of our Lord MCMXXVI,
(1926) feast of Our Lady of Guadalupe. |
Records of Colonial Tlalpujahua, (Michoacán, Mexico)(C0867) 1562-1903, bulk 1720-1830http://libweb.princeton.edu:2003/libraries/firestone/rbsc/aids/tlalpujahua.html Manuscripts Division IntroductionThe Records of Colonial Tlalpujahua (Michoacán, Mexico) consists of papers pertaining to the Convento de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe, including administrative documents, account ledgers, and ledgers related to the Third Order Secular of St. Francis, a confraternity associated with the convento. In addition, there are miscellaneous papers that document matrimonial and criminal legal cases, land transactions in Tlalpujahua and Toluca, and genealogical information compiled by Austacio Rulfo.Range of Collection Dates: 1562-1903 Collection DescriptionThis collection is comprised of records that document the social and ecclesiastical history of colonial Tlalpujahua (Tlalpuxagua), a town located in the northeast part of what is today Michoacán, Mexico, and its environs. Tlalpuxagua was a jurisdiction within Spain's northernmost viceroyalty of New Spain the Indies. After silver mines were discovered in the vicinity in 1558, Tlalpujahua became a secondary mining center, and as a result the municipality gained its first alcalde mayor of the newly-established Real de Minas de Tlalpuxagua. A considerable indigenous population lived in the region surrounding the town and minesSent by Johanna de Soto Table of Contents |
http://iupjournals.org/jwh/jwh10-2.htmlThe Florentine Codex (also known as the Historia General de las Cosas de la Nueva Espa³a or A General History of the Things of New Spain) is an encyclopedia of Aztec beliefs and practices compiled in colonial Mexico during the last half of the sixteenth century.1 In twelve books this work details the spiritual and secular lives of the people commonly known as the Aztecs--increasingly referred to as the Nahua--the dominant cultural/linguistic group in the Central Valley of Mexico. Book Ten, entitled "The People," describes such categories of society as nobility, commoners, and ethnic groups, as well as the kin relationships, occupations, and daily social life of women and men. Like the other books of the Historia, Book Ten is the result of work initiated by Fray Bernardino de Sahagôn in 1558 at the request of the provincial of the Franciscan order in New Spain. Sent by Johanna de Soto Table of Contents |
| Puerto Rican researchers are invited to look
at this website and contact the researcher directly. http://jocelyngenpages.homestead.com/Home.html Surnames of research are in Puerto Rico: Irizarry, SIlvestri,Olan, Hernandez, Resto, Garcia Sent by Jocelyn Hernandez hjocelyn@hotmail.com |
| Japan's first Latino branch of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints was formed January 7. Kyoto Japan Stake president Hiromasa Kajiuchi said the branch is important not only to the Portuguese and Spanish speaking community, but also the Japanese people. Hundreds of thousands of Latinos live and work in Japan. Church News, April Sent by Ruth Canaday |
| Arial photos on the Brazilian western border revealed a network of fish weirs spread over 326 square miles of flat savanna. Three decades of study has changed previously conceived ideas. Far from being simple hunters/gathers/subsistence farmers, residents of the Amazon lowlands moved tons of earth to build complex levees, canals and holding ponds for thousands of years. Abstract from article by Thomash Maugh II, staff writer, LA Times, 4-5-01 Science File |
| Rodrigue Familes Association, for
all descendants of the five Rodrigue ancestors who arrived in Quebec
(New France) and Acadia in the 17th-19th centuries (descendants are all
of Canada and the U.S.) Pages are available in French and English. http://www.genealogie.or/famille/rodrigue/ Source: Missing Links: RootsWeb's Genealogy Journal, Vol.6, #16, 18 April 2001 |
Iceland sells its medical records, pitting privacy against
greater good, March 3, 2000
|
|
Basques
are Brothers of the Celts WELSH and Irishmen are genetic blood-brothers of the Basque people, according to a study published today. The findings provide the first direct evidence of a close relationship between the people thought of as Celts and the Basques. The Basques are thought to be the closest descendants of the Palaeolithic people who established the first settlements in Britain more than 10,000 years ago. The evidence of a link is in a study by James Wilson and Prof David Goldstein of University College London, with colleagues at Oxford University and the University of California, Davis. The study is published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The team looked for similarities between the Y chromosomes - only carried by men - of 88 "Celtic fringe" individuals from Anglesey, North Wales,146 from Ireland with Irish Gaelic surnames, and 50 Basques, revealing "remarkable" similarities. The Celts carry the early Y chromosome, said the study, which provides the first clear evidence of a close relationship in the paternal heritage of Basque and Celtic speaking populations. "They were statistically indistinguishable," said Prof Goldstein. Sent by Elvira Zavala-Patton elviraz@elpasonet Table of Contents |
|
The
Origins and Stigma of the Garment of Shame: The San Benito Dear editor, I am an independent researcher who has written a paper on a garment known as a san benito,g and I am asking if you could either consider publishing it, or possibly assisting me by advising me on a possible journal which would be interested in such a piece. The san benito is mentioned in almost any book which touches on the inquisition, but the subject matter has never been explored more than a few sentences; I think many will find it quite interesting. The paper is approximately 4800 words and is in MLA style. Abstract: The thirteenth-century Papal Inquisition was only one step in a process of continual stages of historic abhorrence against the Jewish people; a history which can be traced back to antiquity. In 1492 when the Jewish population in Spain was expelled, the Inquisition in Spain had already been in effect for over a decade. Soon after the expulsion the intensity in which the Church pursued secretly practicing Jews (Marranos) and New Christians (Conversos) accused of heretical crimes, increased. However, a most unique and scathful punishment, in accordance with early Christian concepts, was to not put the heretic to death-but to publicly humiliate him within his community; thus making him and his family perpetual victims of societal ridicule. In Iberia, implementation of this manner of punishment was through the mandated wearing of a garment known as the san benito. The origin, historical usage, and significant consequence of this penitential garment of shame is examined here. Sincerely, Scott M. _______________________________ Scott Alfassa Marks, Director of Research and Development Sephardic House, www.sephardichouse.org Table of Contents |
|
http://www.pt5dome.com/PassHome.html The information on this site is
taken from microfilm copies of the New York Daily Times. Beginning with
the first issue of the Times, September 18, 1851, the lists will proceed
through the years. When possible, passengers will be linked to the ship
they later boarded on the Pacific side of the Isthmus for the final leg of
the journey to San Francisco. If you don't locate your relative(s), e-mail
me for a lookup in Louis J. Rasmussen's "San
Francisco Passenger Lists," Vols. 1, 2, and 4, and "California
Wagon Train Lists," Vol. 1. Rasmussen's books cover, roughly,
1850-1865 for ship's lists and April 5, 1849, through October 20, 1852,
for wagon train lists. Ships Indexed by DATE of DEPARTURE Ships Indexed by NAME of SHIP The SHIPS Sent by Johanna de Soto |
|
Washington's prayer at Valley Forge Many people dismiss Washington's prayer at Valley Forge as sentimental legend. Yet the story is well-grounded in the historical record. The chief source is the eyewitness testimony of Isaac Potts, a Valley Forge resident who shared the following story with the Rev. Nathaniel Randolph Snowden (1770-1851), who then recorded it in his "Diary and Remembrances." I was riding with Mr. Potts near to the Valley Forge where the army lay during the war of ye Revolution, when Mr. Potts said, 'Do you see that woods & that plain? There laid the army of Washington. It was a most distressing time of ye war, and all were for giving up the Ship but that great and good man. In that woods (pointing to a close in view) I heard a plaintive sound as of a man at prayer. I tied my horse to a sapling & went quietly into the woods. To my astonishment I saw the great George Washington on his knees alone, with his sword on one side and his cocked hat on the other. He was at Prayer to the God of the Armies, beseeching to interpose with his Divine aid, as it was ye Crisis & the cause of the country, of humanity & of the world." "Such a prayer I never heard
from the lips of man. I left him alone praying. I went home & told
my wife. We never thought a man could be a soldier and a Christian, but
if there is one in the world, it is Washington. We thought it was the
cause of God & America could prevail.'" |
| Discovering Historic Maps On-Line
www.davidrumsey.com |
| Creating
Your Own Web Page Web publishing is simple, inexpensive, and widely available. Many genealogy programs will create an attractive, well-indexed home page displaying your family tree. One such program, Personal Ancestral Fiels, is available free on the internet at http://www.lds.org. Click on "Family History" and follow the links. Or at www.familysearch.org click on "Order Family History Resources" and follow the links. To publish you family history on the
Internet: |
| Netzal.com:
Adding Art Work to your Website If you are tired of generic drawings, images desabridas, or cyber greeting cards without Latino flavor, then there is good news for you. Seven Latino/Chicano artists (Ed Ramos, John Gilberto Rodríguez, Vico Romero, Yolanda Romero, Jennifer Cordery, Daniel Esparza, and Carmen Leon) are the first artists to share their artwork on Netzal.com’s free E-Tarjetas. These artists each believes that sharing their art among their community promotes insight into their life and their passion for the Latino culture which exudes through out their art. You can send one of these artist’s unique works of art as a greeting card by registering on the Netzal.com site at http://www.netzal.com . Once you selected a card, you can use the seamless translation process (proprietary technology) to convert you greeting card text into Spanish. This is the same feature found in Netzal.com free bilingual email service, Correcaliente. http://www.correocaliene.com Everyone is invited to log on to http://www.netzal.com and check out E-Tarjetas. For information on submitting your artwork for inclusion into E-Tarjetas, send an email to med@correocaliente.com
Netzal.com is a bi-cultural internet portal that promotes user-generated
content to create a virtual community for, by and about the US Latino
experience. Registered users can share their opinions as well as stories
about their family, community, and origins and even submit book reviews.
Netzal.com accepts Spanish, English or bilingual submission that use a bit
of each language. The bicultural approach to the site content allows
recognizes the fact that immigrant, native, and users of varied
generational decent all share common values and cultural roots. |
|
Mike's Notes edited by Mikel Lozano http://www.sciencearea.com/Hi, I started publishing Mike's Notes a few years ago because I've always wondered why things worked the way they did, but mostly because I'm tired of the 'Dumbing Down of America'! In my younger days, I'd take things apart without thinking that I might not being able to put them back together again! As I got older I found that there are lots of folks just like me! We may not take things apart anymore; but that insatiable 'need to know' is still there! If you're someone who refuses to stop learning - Mike's Notes is for you! If you're still curious about WHY things happen the way they do, this site's for you! Mike's Notes explores the 'whys' of everyday life. For example, the picture on the left shows tectonic forces at work re-shaping the face of the Earth. Know why it resembles the same patterns seen on drought-cracked ground, shown at the right? Mike's Notes will tell you! Although many folks describe my writing style as a cross between Albert Einstein and the Three Stooges, Mike's Notes is your guide to finding the wholesome, fun, educational, edifying, enjoyable, mysterious and neat things on the InterNet ! Editor's
note: This is a great site to share with children. |
|
DISEASES AND
MEDICAL TERMS IN OLD DOCUMENTS Use this table to help interpret older medical records and other
documents citing unfamiliar medical terms. The following are just a few
examples. |
| Term | Definition |
| Abscess | An Abcess forms when
pus accumulates in a localized area of the body. An abcess is caused by infection from bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. The infection becomes swollen, tender and inflamed and there may be associated fever and chills. An abcess can be the result of an injury, and it can be internal or external. Some abcesses are removed through surgery. |
| Acute Mania. | Insanity. |
| Ague | Malarial or
intermittent fever characterized by stages of chills, fever, and
sweating at regularly recurring times and followed by an interval or intermission of varying duration. Also called fever and ague, chill fever, the shakes, and swamp fever. |
| Ague-cake | Enlargement of the spleen, resulting from the effects of malaria. |
| American Plague | American Plague, also
called Yellow Fever, is a viral disease transmitted to man by a specific type of mosquito, Aedes aegypti. This mosquito type is commonly found in the tropical forests of South America and Africa. Both the Aedes mosquito and the yellow fever virus must be present together to spread the disease. |
| Anasarca | Generalized massive
dropsy, also known as adema. It is the accumulation of fluid in the body; it may affect all parts of the body although it commonly occurs in the feet nd ankles. The bloating and swelling causes muscle aches and pains. Edema may be caused by allergies or disorders of the kidney, bladder, heart, or liver. |
| Aphonia | Aphonia, also called
laryngitis, exists when a person has no voice or has lost their voice due to an inflammation of the larynx. |
| Bad Blood | An old term for syphilis, which is an infectious venereal disease. Untreated, it can ultimately lead to the degeneration of bones, heart, nerve tissue, etc. In earlier centuries syphilis commonly reached the third stage, which is rare today, and caused brain damage, hearing loss, heart disease, and/or blindness occur. |
| Bilious fever | Another term used in place of typhus, which is an acute, infectious disease transmitted by lice and fleas. Symptoms include headache, arthralgia and myalgia, chills, high fever, falling blood pressure, stupor, delirium, rash that begins on chest and spreads to rest of trunk and extremities The early rash is faint and rose colored and fades with pressure. Later the lesions become dull red and do not fade. People with severe typhus may also develop petechiae. Also called typhus fever, malignant fever, jail fever, hospital fever, putrid fever, ship fever, brain fever, bilious fever, spotted fever, and camp fever. It is also a term loosely applied to other intestinal and malarial fevers. |
| Black Death | Another term used to indicate Bubonic plague, a disease that has had a major impact on the history of the world. Caused by the bacterium, Yersinia pestis, and transmitted by fleas often found on rats, bubonic plague has killed over 50 million people over the centuries. Burrowing rodent populations across the world keep the disease present in the world today. Outbreaks, though often small, still occur in many places. The use of antibiotics and increased scientific knowledge first gained in the 1890s have reduced the destruction of plague outbreaks. In Medieval times, with the unknowing help of humans, bubonic plague exploded into a pandemic. Known as the ³Black Death², it decimated Europe in 1350, killing 1/3 of the population. It disrupted government, trade, and commerce. It reshaped people¹s perspectives on life and Christianity, and found expression in many works of art. Bubonic plague¹s influence and effects have shaped events of the past and part of our world today. |
|
23 PSALM FOR GENEALOGISTS -
sent by Eva Booher Genealogy is my Pastime. I shall not stray. It maketh me to lie down and examine half-buried Tombstones It leadeth me into still Courthouses. It restoreth my Ancestral Knowledge.. It leadeth me into the Paths of Census Records and Ships Passenger Lists for my Surnames' sake. Yea, though I wade through the Shadows of Research Libraries and Microfilm Readers, I shall fear no Discouragment, for a Strong Urge is with me. The curiosity and Motivation, they Comfort me. It demandeth preparation of Storage Space for the Aquisition of Countless Documents. It annointeth my Head with burning Midnight Oil, My Family Group Sheets runneth over. Surely Birth, Marriage and Death dates shall follow me all the Days of my Life; and I shall dwell in the House of a Family History Seeker Forever. 5/1/01 Table of Contents |
